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将jail从ezjail迁移到iocage

由于以前的jail都是用ezjail创建和管理的，需要全部迁移到iocage下面。
下面以nc(ezjail下面创建并维护的一个jail，里面有nextcloud)为例。

使用iocage创建空jail

# iocage create -e -n nc 查看建好的空jail： 
# iocage list
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
| JID | NAME | STATE |   RELEASE    |      IP4      |
+=====+======+=======+==============+===============+
| 9   | emby | up    | 13.1-RELEASE | 192.168.0.121 |
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
| -   | nc   | down  | EMPTY        | -             |
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
# cd /zroot/iocage/jails/nc
# ls
config.json     fstab           root
config.json内容如下： 
{
    "cloned_release": "EMPTY",
    "host_hostname": "nc",
    "host_hostuuid": "nc",
    "jail_zfs_dataset": "iocage/jails/nc/data",
    "release": "EMPTY"
}
fstab文件为空，root目录为空。

复制旧数据

由于ezjail管理jail采用软链接将bin指向basejail/bin，以保证jail能正常运行。例如： 
# ls -ls /zroot/ezjail/nc/bin
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  13  7月 19 08:17 /zroot/ezjail/nc/bin -> /basejail/bin
但是对于宿主机，这种软链接是无法直接复制的。在宿主机创建软链接指向ezjail的basejail： 
# ln -s /usr/jails/basejail /basejail
然后就可以使用以下命令将要迁移的jail从ezjail的目录复制到iocage的jail目录： 
# rsync -a --copy-links /zroot/ezjail/nc/ /zroot/iocage/jails/nc/root/
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/45-latin.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/45-generic.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/50-user.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/40-nonlatin.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-generic.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-nonlatin.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-metric-aliases.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-vera.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/90-synthetic.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-fonts-persian.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-slight.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/51-local.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/80-delicious.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d/69-unifont.conf"
symlink has no referent: "/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/tests/local"
rsync: [sender] readlink_stat("/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/tests/sys/pjdfstest/tests/tests/tests
 /tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests
 /tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests/tests") 
 failed: Too many levels of symbolic links (62)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at 
 main.c(1347) [sender=3.2.4]
前面几行应该是链接失效，后面/zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/tests/sys/pjdfstest/目录下的tests指向它自己，似乎是个死循环。
另，rsync的-a选项为归档模式，包含-rlptgoD选项(没有-A、-X、-U、-N、-H)；--copy-links表示将符号链接转换为file/dir。 
# cd /zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.d
# ls -ls
total 14
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   54  7月  3 13:04 10-hinting-slight.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/10-hinting-slight.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   58  7月  3 13:04 10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   57  7月  3 13:04 20-unhint-small-vera.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/20-unhint-small-vera.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   54  7月  3 13:04 30-metric-aliases.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/30-metric-aliases.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   48  7月  3 13:04 40-nonlatin.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/40-nonlatin.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   47  7月  3 13:04 45-generic.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/45-generic.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   45  7月  3 13:04 45-latin.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/45-latin.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   49  7月  3 13:04 49-sansserif.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/49-sansserif.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   44  7月  3 13:04 50-user.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/50-user.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   45  7月  3 13:04 51-local.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/51-local.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   47  7月  3 13:04 60-generic.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/60-generic.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   45  7月  3 13:04 60-latin.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/60-latin.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   53  7月  3 13:04 65-fonts-persian.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/65-fonts-persian.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   48  7月  3 13:04 65-nonlatin.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/65-nonlatin.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   47  7月  3 13:04 69-unifont.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/69-unifont.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   33  7月  3 13:04 70-yes-bitmaps.conf -> ../conf.avail/70-yes-bitmaps.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   49  7月  3 13:04 80-delicious.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/80-delicious.conf
1 lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   49  7月  3 13:04 90-synthetic.conf -> /usr/local/etc/fonts/conf.avail/90-synthetic.conf
5 -rw-r--r--  1 root  wheel  978  7月  3 13:04 README
实际上这些软链接都是指向它们上一层的conf.avail目录中的文件。同样，执行以下命令在宿主机创建对应的软链接：
# ln -s /zroot/ezjail/nc/usr/local/etc/fonts /usr/local/etc/fonts
然后再执行rsync命令同步两边的目录。但依然未能解决tests/local的死循环问题，但似乎不影响最终结果。
修改config.json文件，根据实际情况修改两个参数： 另外，可以加上【"boot": 1,】以另此jail可以自动启动。

以上修改jail属性的操作也可以通过命令来执行： 
# iocage set ip4_addr="em0|192.168.0.117/24" boot=1 nc

启用新jail

首先要停掉旧的jail以释放IP地址，然后再启动新jail： 
# ezjail-admin stop nc
Stopping jails: nc.
# iocage start nc
* Starting nc
  + Started OK
  + Using devfs_ruleset: 1001 (iocage generated default)
  + Using IP options: ip4.addr=em0|192.168.0.117 ip4.saddrsel=1 ip4=new ip6.saddrsel=1 ip6=new
  + Starting services OK
  + Executing poststart OK
# iocage list
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
| JID | NAME | STATE |   RELEASE    |      IP4      |
+=====+======+=======+==============+===============+
| 9   | emby | up    | 13.1-RELEASE | 192.168.0.121 |
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
| 26  | nc   | up    | 13.1-RELEASE | 192.168.0.117 |
+-----+------+-------+--------------+---------------+
验证jail迁移成功后即可删除ezjail中的jail了。

更新fstab

如果ezjail中要迁移的jail的fstab文件有特殊设置，比如下面这样的： 
# more /etc/fstab.bt
/usr/jails/basejail /ztemp/ezjail/bt/basejail nullfs ro 0 0
/ztemp/bt /ztemp/ezjail/bt/bt   nullfs rw 0 0
第一行的basejail在iocage不需要，只要将第二行的内容复制到新jail的fstab文件中并作适当修改：
/ztemp/bt /zroot/iocage/jails/bt/root/bt nullfs rw 0 0
注意：

收尾

完成迁移后需要删除掉前面曾经创建的两个链接。
/basejail这个可以先保留，以便迁移其他jail时使用，等全部迁移完毕就可以删除了。